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Drug Exanthem

more about Drug Exanthem


Drug rash, drug eruption, rash as a medication side effect



  • An exanthem is a rash on the skin.  An enanthem is a rash on a mucous membrane, such as the lining of the mouth.
  • A drug rash on the skin would therefore be a drug exanthem.
  • The word "drug" is being used to refer to any medication.

  • Itching
  • There is a wide spectrum of rash characteristics, but a common appearance is a red rash that blanches on local pressure.
  • Hives
  • The rash tends to spread if the drug is not discontinued.

  • An antigen-antibody reaction that is a reaction to the medication being used
  • Medications in common use that are known to cause a rash in a small percentage of people:
    1. Penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin
    2. Sulfa drugs (Bactrim, Septra)
    3. Iodine
    4. Anticonvulsants

  • History of medication use
  • Discontinuing the medication may alleviate the rash with certainty.
  • There is no set of characteristics that defines a drug rash with certainty.

  • Patients with an allergic tendency

  • Discontinue the medication
  • Anti-pruritic medication orally or topically
  • Steroids are sometimes used.
  • H2 blockers, such as Zantac, are sometimes used.
  • Epinephrine (adrenalin) is sometimes used.
  • Emergency room treatment and advanced life support for severe cases

  • Damage to the skin and soft tissue beneath the skin
  • Superimposed Skin Infection
  • Systemic symptoms (breathing difficulty, swelling in the larynx/trachea, wheezing, hypotension, shock) might occur in addition to the skin rash or Hives.

  • Consult your physician and discontinue the next dose of the drug temporarily while awaiting a callback from your physician.
  • Do not permanently discontinue the drug unless advised to do so by your physician.
  • Call 911 or an emergency room if the symptoms are severe or the rash is dramatically spreading.

  • Rash due to infectious disease




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