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Movement disorder, due to medication
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- Involuntary contractions of muscles -- a medication side effect. Commonly, it involves the eyes or neck muscles. It may cause an involuntary twisting of the neck, thereby causing the patient difficulty in breathing or swallowing.
- The involuntary twisting of the neck is commonly called a torticollis.
- Spasm of the eye muscles may occur, causing abnormal eye movements (i.e., oculogyric crisis).
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- Involuntary muscle spasms, sometimes sustained for hours or days. These muscle contractions may involve the neck, the swallowing muscles, the face, and other muscle groups, such as the back muscles.
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- Phenothiazines, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine) or thioridazine (Mellaril) may cause this side effect.
- Many other psychoactive medications used for treatment of psychosis or Depression may cause this side effect.
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- Involuntary muscle spasms in a patient who is taking a medication known to produce this side effect
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- Use of psychoactive medication
- Previous hypersensitivity to the same psychoactive medication
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- Discontinuance of the offending medication, and not re-instituting it
- In children, reassurance, benadryl, or barbiturates have been used.
- The physician may need to clear the airway and provide maintenance fluids
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- Upper airway compromise, or swallowing difficulty, may occur.
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- Physician evaluation is necessary.
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- Any neurological disease or metabolic disease known to cause sustained muscle contractions.
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