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Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura
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Schoenlein-Henoch
purpura, Anaphylactoid purpura, Vascular purpura, Allergic purpura
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- This is an inflammatory response within the blood vessels and/or capillaries.
- It is characterized by purple spots on the skin, joint pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, and kidney disorders.
- It usually occurs in children ages 2-8.
- It is more common in boys than girls.
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- Primarily, redness and swelling of the skin caused by congestion of the capillaries.
- Purple spots (wheals) -- usually on the lower extremities and buttocks, but may involve elbows, trunk, and face
- Lack of energy
- Low-grade fever
- Joint pains
- Nausea/vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Bloody stools
- Painful Menstruation
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- The exact cause is unknown, but it is related to an abnormal response of the immune system.
- It can be associated with allergy or drug sensitivity.
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- Based on physical examination
- Blood tests show increased white blood cells, increased eosinophils, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
- Urine tests show microscopic blood in the urine.
- Skin biopsy shows vasculitis.
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- Symptomatic treatment.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Corticosteroid therapy for central nervous system manifestations, nephritic syndrome, or acute phase complications, such as intestinal hemorrhage, obstruction, or perforation.
- Azathioprine or cyclophosphamide for severe nephritis
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- Intestinal hemorrhage
- Intestinal obstruction
- Intussusception
- Intestinal perforation
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- This condition usually resolves spontaneously within one week without treatment, but may recur several times before complete remission.
- Death can occur from gastrointestinal complications, renal failure, or central nervous system involvement, but these outcomes are very rare.
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- Sepsis
- Rheumatic disease
- Polyarteritis nodosa
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