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Spondylolysis
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Spondylolysis refers to a defect in the
vertebra, usually in the lower back. Spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebra slips on another, leading to the instability of the spine. Spondylolisthesis can be secondary to spondylolysis.
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Spondylolysis itself usually does not
have symptoms. The symptoms of Spondylolisthesis vary
according to the degree of slippage.
- Pain and tenderness in the lower back
- Stiffness of the lower back
- Buttocks and lower leg pain if the nerve is compressed by a slipped vertebra
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Spondylolysis may be caused by trauma or a stress fracture in childhood or adolescence. Some individuals are born with spondylolysis. The causes of Spondylolisthesis include spondylolysis, trauma, degeneration of spine and congenital abnormality of the vertebra.
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Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis is easily diagnosed by X-Rays of the lower spine. A CT or MRI is helpful in diagnosing the nerve compression, and to rule out other causes of lower back pain.
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- Conservative treatment -- if the symptoms of Spondylolisthesis are mild, conservative treatment is recommended. Conservative treatment includes anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy and a back brace. If the back pain worsens, patients may need to rest for a few days, gradually increasing the level of activities as the pain goes away.
- Surgery -- if the conservative treatment does not work and the symptoms are severe, then surgery is recommended. The goal of surgery is to relieve the compressed nerve and stabilize the spine.
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